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USGS Connecticut Orthoimagery; Orthophoto GeoTIFF tiles
FGDC Metadata
DescriptionSpatialData StructureData QualityData SourceMetadata
+ Resource Description
Citation
Information used to reference the data.
Title: USGS Connecticut Orthoimagery; Orthophoto GeoTIFF tiles
Originators: Quantum Spatial, Inc.
Publication date: 20200211
Data type: remote-sensing image
Description
A characterization of the data, including its intended use and limitations.
Abstract:
       Product: This orthoimagery data set includes 0.5 ft 16-bit 4-band (RGB-IR) digital orthoimage tiles in GeoTIFF format.
       Geographic Extent: Eight counties in Connecticut, covering approximately 5241 total square miles. 
       Dataset Description: The USGS Connecticut Orthoimagery project called for the planning, acquisition, processing, and derivative products of imagery data to be collected at a ground sample distance (GSD) of 0.5 ft. Project specifications are based on the American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) standards. The data were developed based on a horizontal projection/datum of NAD 1983 2011 StatePlane Connecticut FIPS 0600 Ft US, Foot US. Orthoimagery data were delivered in 23381 individual 2500 ft x 2500 ft tiles as 0.5 ft 16-bit 4-band (RGB-IR) orthophoto tiles in GeoTIFF format.
       Ground Conditions: Imagery was collected in spring 2019, while no snow was on the ground and rivers were at or below normal levels. In order to post process the imagery data to meet task order specifications and meet ASPRS horizontal accuracy guidelines, Quantum Spatial, Inc. utilized a total of 168 ground control points to assess the horizontal accuracy of the data.
Purpose:
These data depict geographic features on the surface of the earth. The dataset was created to current imagery data for Connecticut.
Dataset credit:
Quantum Spatial, Inc.
Data Type
How the data are represented, formatted and maintained by the data producing organization.
Data type: remote-sensing image
Native dataset environment: Windows 10.1; Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1; ImageStation Orientation 2015/Version 15.00.0000 Build 395; Leica MissionPro version 11.6 ; OrthoPro v.06.02.0100.00017
Time Period of Data
Time period(s) for which the data corresponds to the currentness reference.
Beginning date: 20190324
Ending date: 20190425
Currentness reference:
Ground condition
Status
The state of and maintenance information for the data.
Data status: Complete
Update frequency: None planned
Key Words
Words or phrases that summarize certain aspects of the data.
Theme:
Keywords: 0.5 ft orthoimage, GeoTIFF, rectified photograph, rectified image, orthophoto, natural color orthophoto, orthoimage, image map
Keyword thesaurus: None
Place:
Keywords: Connecticut, Fairfield County, Hartford County, Litchfield County, Middlesex County, New Haven County, New London County, Tolland County, Windham County
Keyword thesaurus: None
Data Access Constraints
Restrictions and legal prerequisites for accessing or using the data after access is granted.
Access constraints:
No restrictions apply to these data.
Use constraints:
None. However, users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this dataset was collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of their limitations. Acknowledgement of the organization providing these data to the public would be appreciated for products derived from these data.
+ Spatial Reference Information
Horizontal Coordinate System
Reference system from which linear or angular quantities are measured and assigned to the position that a point occupies.
Coordinate System Details
Grid coordinate system
Grid coordinate system name: State Plane Coordinate System 1983
State Plane Coordinate System:
SPCS xone identifier: 0600
Lambert Conformal Conic:
Standard parallel: 41.2
Standard parallel: 41.8666666667
Longitude of central meridian: -72
Latitude of projection origin: 40.8333333333
False easting: 999999
False northing: 499999.999998
Planar Coordinate Information
Planar coordinate encoding method: row and column
Coordinate representation:
Abscissa resolution: 0.5
Ordinate resolution: 0.5
Planar distance units: Foot US
Geodetic model
Horizontal datum name: D NAD 1983 2011
Ellipsoid name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major axis: 6378137.0
Denominator of flattening ratio: 298.257222101
Spatial Domain
The geographic areal domain of the data that describes the western, eastern, northern, and southern geographic limits of data coverage.
Bounding Coordinates
In Unprojected coordinates (geographic)
BoundaryCoordinate
West-73.7388617737 (longitude)
East-71.7783557224 (longitude)
North42.0597604961 (latitude)
South40.9737553697 (latitude)
+ Data Structure and Attribute Information
Overview
Summary of the information content of the data, including other references to complete descriptions of entity types, attributes, and attribute values for the data.
Entity and attribute overview:
Three band orthoimagery is organized in three color bands or channels which represent the red, green, and blue (RGB) portions of the spectrum. Four band orthoimagery is organized in four color bands or channels which represent the red, green, blue (RGB), and near infrared (IR) portions of the spectrum. Each image pixel is assigned a triplet or quadruplet of numeric values, one for each color band. Numeric values range from 0 to 255.
Entity and attribute detailed citation:
U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996, Standards for Digital Orthophotos: Reston, VA.
Direct spatial reference method: Raster
Raster Information
Type and number of raster spatial objects in the data.
Raster object type: pixel
Cell information
Number of cells on x-axis: 5000
Number of cells on y-axis: 5000
+ Data Quality and Accuracy Information
General
Information about the fidelity of relationships, data quality and accuracy tests, omissions, selection criteria, generalization, and definitions used to derive the data.
Logical consistency report:
All GeoTIFF tagged data and image file sizes are validated using commercial GIS software to ensure proper loading before being archived. This validation procedure ensures correct physical format and field values for tagged elements. Seamlines and tile edges are visually inspected. Seamline mismatches are corrected unless the overall displacement is less than one pixel.
Completeness report:
Orthoimages are visually inspected for completeness to ensure that no gaps or image misplacements exist within and between adjacent images. These images are derived by mosaicking multiple images to ensure complete coverage. Source imagery is cloud free.
Attribute Accuracy
Accuracy of the identification of data entities, features and assignment of attribute values.
Attribute accuracy report:
Radiometry is verified by visual inspection of the digital orthophoto. Slight systematic radiometric differences may exist between adjacent orthoimage files; these are due primarily to differences in source image capture dates and sun angles along flight lines. These differences can be observed in an image's general lightness or darkness when it is compared to adjacent orthoimage file coverages. Tonal balancing may be performed over a group of images during the mosaicking process which may serve to lighten or darken adjacent images for better color tone matching.
Positional Accuracy
Accuracy of the positional aspects of the data.
Horizontal accuracy report:
The project specifications require that only horizontal accuracy be computed for orthoimagery files. The required accuracy meets or exceeds ASPRS standards. The horizontal accuracy was tested with 20 checkpoints located throughout the project area. These checkpoints were not used in the calibration or post-processing of the imagery data. The checkpoints were distributed throughout the project area and were surveyed using GPS techniques. See survey report for additional survey methodologies. The x and y positions of where the checkpoints fell on the orthoimagery were collected. These values were then compared to the surveyed control point x and y values.
Horizontal positional accuracy assessment:
Accuracy values
0.0993648
Explanation:
Tested 0.0993648 meters (0.33 feet) RMSEx. The RMSEx of the imagery was calculated using 20 independent checkpoints.
0.0414528
Explanation:
Tested 0.0414528 meters (0.14 feet) RMSEy. The RMSEy of the imagery was calculated using 20 independent checkpoints.
0.1075944
Explanation:
Tested 0.1075944 meters (0.35 feet) RMSEr. The RMSEr of the imagery was calculated using 20 independent checkpoints.
Vertical accuracy report:
There is no vertical component for orthophotos.
+ Data Source and Process Information
Data Sources
Information about the source data used to construct or derive the data.
Data source information
CONTROL
Title: GPS Photo Control Survey
Originators: Sewall
Publication date: 20200211
Data type: vector digital data and tabular data
Media: online
Source contribution:
Quantum Spatial performed a geodetic control survey in support of the digital orthophoto production project. A total of 168 points were used for QC testing. Please see the survey report for more information.
Date: 20190606
Currentness reference:
ground condition
PHOTO
Title: Georeferenced Single Frames
Originators: Quantum Spatial, Inc.
Publication date: 20200211
Data type: remote-sensing image
Media: external hard drive
Source contribution:
Aerial imagery was acquired using a UltraCam Eagle camera with a flight design that included a total of 116 flight lines. Aerial imagery was supplemented with the simultaneous acquisition of airborne GPS/IMU data, which captured the ground coordinate for the nadir point of each photograph. Aerial imagery was exposed at an altitude of 8650 feet above mean terrain.
Beginning date: 20190324
Ending date: 20190425
Currentness reference:
ground condition
AT
Title: Aerotriangulation
Originators: Quantum Spatial, Inc.
Publication date: 20200211
Data type: model
Media: online
Source contribution:
Softcopy aerotriangulation was performed utilizing the airborne GPS/IMU data, GPS ground control and image coordinate measurements allowing the direct computation of the exterior orientation parameters for each image of the project.
Date: 2019
Currentness reference:
ground condition
DEM
Title: DEM
Originators: Quantum Spatial, Inc.
Publication date: 20200211
Data type: raster digital data
Media: online
Source contribution:
A compilation of topographic land form elevation datasets developed using in-house LiDAR data and data from the National Elevation Dataset for use in developing digital ortho imagery.
Date: 20190401
Currentness reference:
publication date
Process Steps
Information about events, parameters, tolerances and techniques applied to construct or derive the data.
Process step information
Process Step 1
Process description:
Orthophoto Processing: Utilizing all four bands [blue (B), green (G), red (R), and infrared (IR)] digital orthorectification was performed using bilinear interpolation algorithms resulting in a spatial and radiometric transformation of the digital image from line/sample space into NAD 1983 2011 StatePlane Connecticut FIPS 0600 Ft US, Foot US. The interior and exterior orientation parameters from the aerotriangulation process were used to project each pixel into the ground coordinate system, while the ortho grade DEM was used to correct for relief displacement. Radiometric correction software and techniques were used to create orthophoto files that minimize the appearance of image seams and without loss of feature signature. Orthophotos are checked for geometric accuracy, image quality, and are tonally balanced to produce a uniform contrast and tone across the entire project. The individual overlapping orthophoto frames were mosaicked together. The ortho photos meet ASPRS horizontal accuracy standards.
Process date: 20200211
Data Source used
Georefs
AT
Title: Aerotriangulation
Originators: Quantum Spatial, Inc.
Publication date: 20200211
Data type: model
Media: online
Source contribution:
Softcopy aerotriangulation was performed utilizing the airborne GPS/IMU data, GPS ground control and image coordinate measurements allowing the direct computation of the exterior orientation parameters for each image of the project.
Date: 2019
Currentness reference:
ground condition
Control
DEM
Title: DEM
Originators: Quantum Spatial, Inc.
Publication date: 20200211
Data type: raster digital data
Media: online
Source contribution:
A compilation of topographic land form elevation datasets developed using in-house LiDAR data and data from the National Elevation Dataset for use in developing digital ortho imagery.
Date: 20190401
Currentness reference:
publication date
Data Source produced
Orthos
+ Metadata Reference
Metadata Date
Dates associated with creating, updating and reviewing the metadata.
Last updated: 20200211
Metadata Point of Contact
Contact information for the individual or organization responsible for the metadata information.
Organization: Quantum Spatial, Inc.
Phone: 859-277-8700
Fax: 859-277-8901
Hours of service: Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time)
Address type: mailing and physical
Address:
523 Wellington Way
City: Lexington
State or Province: KY
Postal code: 40503
Country: USA
Metadata Access Constraints
Restrictions and legal prerequisites for accessing or using the data after access is granted.
Access constraints:
None.
Use constraints:
None.
Metadata Security Information
Handling restrictions imposed on the metadata because of national security, privacy or other concerns.
Security classifiction system: None.
Security classification: Unclassified
Security handling: NONE
Metadata Standards
Description of the metadata standard used to document the data and reference to any additional extended profiles to the standard used by the metadata producer.
Standard name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Standard version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata profiles defining additonal information:
Profile: None.
Online linkage: None.
FGDC Plus Metadata Stylesheet
Stylesheet: FGDC Plus Stylesheet
File name: FGDC Plus.xsl
Version: 2.3
Description: This metadata is displayed using the FGDC Plus Stylesheet, which is an XSL template that can be used with ArcGIS software to display metadata. It displays metadata elements defined in the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM) - aka FGDC Standard, the ESRI Profile of CSDGM, the Biological Data Profile of CSDGM, and the Shoreline Data Profile of CSDGM. CSDGM is the US Federal Metadata standard. The Federal Geographic Data Committee originally adopted the CSDGM in 1994 and revised it in 1998. According to Executive Order 12096 all Federal agencies are ordered to use this standard to document geospatial data created as of January, 1995. The standard is often referred to as the FGDC Metadata Standard and has been implemented beyond the federal level with State and local governments adopting the metadata standard as well. The Biological Data Profile broadens the application of the CSDGM so that it is more easily applied to biological data that are not explicitly geographic (laboratory results, field notes, specimen collections, research reports) but can be associated with a geographic location. Includes taxonomical vocabulary. The Shoreline Data Profile addresses variability in the definition and mapping of shorelines by providing a standardized set of terms and data elements required to support metadata for shoreline and coastal data sets. The FGDC Plus Stylesheet includes the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set. It supports W3C DOM compatible browsers such as IE7, IE6, Netscape 7, and Mozilla Firefox. It is in the public domain and may be freely used, modified, and redistributed. It is provided "AS-IS" without warranty or technical support.
Instructions: On the top of the page, click on the title of the dataset to toggle opening and closing of all metadata content sections or click section links listed horizontally below the title to open individual sections. Click on a section name (e.g. Description) to open and close section content. Within a section, click on a item name (Status, Key Words, etc.) to open and close individual content items. By default, the Citation information within the Description section is always open for display.
Download: FGDC Plus Stylesheet is available from the ArcScripts downloads at www.esri.com.