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Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: USDA-FSA-APFO Aerial Photography Field Office
Publication_Date: 20160921
Title: NAIP Digital Georectified Image
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Salt Lake City, Utah
Publisher: USDA-FSA-APFO Aerial Photography Field Office
Description:
Abstract:
This data set contains imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP). The NAIP program is administered by USDA FSA and has been established to support two main FSA strategic goals centered on agricultural production. These are, increase stewardship of America's natural resources while enhancing the environment, and to ensure commodities are procured and distributed effectively and efficiently to increase food security. The NAIP program supports these goals by acquiring and providing ortho imagery that has been collected during the agricultural growing season in the U.S. The NAIP ortho imagery is tailored to meet FSA requirements and is a fundamental tool used to support FSA farm and conservation programs. Ortho imagery provides an effective, intuitive means of communication about farm program administration between FSA and stakeholders. New technology and innovation is identified by fostering and maintaining a relationship with vendors and government partners, and by keeping pace with the broader geospatial community. As a result of these efforts the NAIP program provides three main products: DOQQ tiles, Compressed County Mosaics (CCM), and Seamline shape files The Contract specifications for NAIP imagery have changed over time reflecting agency requirements and improving technologies. These changes include image resolution, horizontal accuracy, coverage area, and number of bands. In general, flying seasons are established by FSA and are targeted for peak crop growing conditions. The NAIP acquisition cycle is based on a minimum 3 year refresh of base ortho imagery. The tiling format of the NAIP imagery is based on a 3.75' x 3.75' quarter quadrangle with a 300 pixel buffer on all four sides. NAIP quarter quads are formatted to the UTM coordinate system using the North American Datum of 1983. NAIP imagery may contain as much as 10% cloud cover per tile.
Purpose:
NAIP imagery is available for distribution within 60 days of the end of a flying season and is intended to provide current information of agricultural conditions in support of USDA farm programs. For USDA Farm Service Agency, the 1 meter and 1/2 meter GSD product provides an ortho image base for Common Land Unit boundaries and other data sets. The 1 meter and 1/2 meter NAIP imagery is generally acquired in projects covering full states in cooperation with state government and other federal agencies that use the imagery for a variety of purposes including land use planning and natural resource assessment. The NAIP is also used for disaster response. While suitable for a variety of uses, prior to 2007 the 2 meter GSD NAIP imagery was primarily intended to assess "crop condition and compliance" to USDA farm program conditions. The 2 meter imagery was generally acquired only for agricultural areas within state projects.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20160703, 20160706, 20160719, 20160720, 20160721, 20160724, 20160727, or 20160803
Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Irregular
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.75
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.75
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.065
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.9375
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: farming
Theme_Keyword: Digital Ortho rectified Image
Theme_Keyword: Ortho Rectification
Theme_Keyword: Quarter Quadrangle
Theme_Keyword: NAIP
Theme_Keyword: Aerial Compliance
Theme_Keyword: Compliance
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System
Place_Keyword: CT
Place_Keyword:
Place_Keyword:
Place_Keyword:
Place_Keyword:
Place_Keyword:
Place_Keyword:
Place_Keyword:
Access_Constraints: There are no limitations for access.
Use_Constraints:
None. The USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field office asks to be credited in derived products.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Aerial Photography Field Office (APFO)
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 2222 West 2300 South
City: Salt Lake City
State_or_Province: Utah
Postal_Code: 84119-2020
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 801-844-2922
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 801-956-3653
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: apfo.sales@slc.usda.gov
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: None
Browse_Graphic_File_Description: None
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: None
Native_Data_Set_Environment: Unknown
Data_Quality_Information:
Logical_Consistency_Report:
NAIP 3.75 minute tile file names are based on the USGS quadrangle naming convention.
Completeness_Report: None

Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
NAIP horizontal accuracy specifications have evolved over the life of the program. From 2003 to 2004 the specifications were as follows: 1-meter GSD imagery was to match within 3-meters, and 2-meter GSD to match within 10 meters of reference imagery. For 2005 the 1-meter GSD specification was changed to 5 meters matching the reference imagery. In 2006 a pilot project was performed using true ground specifications rather than reference imagery. All states used the same specifications as 2005 except Utah, which required a match of +/- 6 meters to true ground. In 2007 all specifications were the same as 2006 except Arizona used true ground specifications and all other states used reference imagery. In 2008 and subsequent years no 2-meter GSD imagery was acquired and all specifications were the same as 2007 except approximately half of the states acquired used true ground specifications and the other half used reference imagery. The 2008 states that used absolute ground control where; Indiana, Minnesota, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Texas, Vermont, and Virginia. From 2009 to present all NAIP imagery acquisitions used the +/- 6 meters to ground specification.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: USDA-FSA-APFO Aerial Photography Field Office Publication_Date: approximately 201609
Title: WEBSTER, SE
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
Type_of_Source_Media: UnKnown
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20160703 to 20160803
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Aerial Photography Date for aerial photo source. Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Georectifed Image Source_Contribution: Digital Georectifed Image.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
DOQQ Production Process Description USDA FSA APFO NAIP Program 2016 State: Connecticut The imagery was collected using the following digital sensors: Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10548) Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10547) with Flight and Sensor Control Management System (FCMS) firmware 4.54. Cameras are calibrated radiometrically and geometrically by the manufacturer and are all certified by the USGS. Collection was performed using a combination of the following twin-engine aircraft: Turbines flying at 16,500 ft above mean terrain (tail number: C441 N441CJ) (tail number: C441 N441MD) (tail number: PA31 N73TM) With these flying heights, there is a 23% sidelap, giving the collected data nominal ground sampling distance of 0.40 meters at 16,500. Based-upon the CCD Array configuration present in the ADS digital sensor, imagery for each flight line is 20,000-pixels in width. Red, Green, Blue, Near-Infrared and Panchromatic image bands were collected. The ADS 100 has the following band specifications: Red 619-651 Green 525-585 Blue 435-495 Near Infrared 808-882 all values are in nanometers Collected data was downloaded to portable hard drives and shipped to the processing facility daily. Raw flight data was extracted from external data drives using XPro software. Airborne GPS / IMU data was post-processed using INYS, PosPac and/or TerraPos software and reviewed to ensure sufficient accuracy for project requirements. Using Inpho software, planar rectified images were generated from the collected data for use in image quality review. The planar rectified images were generated at five meter resolution using a two standard deviation histogram stretch. Factors considered during this review included but were not limited to the presence of smoke and/or cloud cover, contrails, light conditions, sun glint and any sensor or hardware-related issues that potentially could result in faulty data. When necessary, image strips identified as not meeting image quality specifications were re-flown to obtain suitable imagery. Aero triangulation blocks were defined primarily by order of acquisition and consisted of four to seventeen strips. Image tie points providing the observations for the least squares bundle adjustment were selected from the images using an auto correlation algorithm. Photogrammetric control points consisted of photo identifiable control points, collected using GPS field survey techniques. The control points were loaded in to a softcopy workstation and measured in the acquired image strips. A least squares bundle adjustment of image pass points, control points and the ABGPS was performed to develop an aero triangulation solution for each block using Pictovera software. Upon final bundle adjustment, the triangulated strips were ortho-rectified to the digital elevation model (DEM) The most recent USGS 10 meter DEMs were used in the rectification process. Positional accuracy was reviewed in the rectified imagery by visually verifying the horizontal positioning of the known photo-identifiable survey locations using ArcGIS software. The red, green, blue, and infrared bands were combined to generate a final ortho-rectified image strip. The ADS sensor collects twelve bit image data which requires radiometric adjustment for output in standard eight bit image channels. The ortho-rectified image strips were produced with the full 12 bit data range, allowing radiometric adjustment to 8 bit range to be performed on a strip by strip basis during the final mosaicking steps. The 12 bit data range was adjusted for display in standard eight bit image channels by defining a piecewise histogram stretch using OrthoVista Radiometrix software. A constant stretch was defined for each image collection period, and then strip by strip adjustments were made as needed to account for changes in sun angle and azimuth during the collection period. Strip adjustments were also made to match the strips histograms as closely as possible to APFO specified histogram metrics and color balance requirements. Automated balancing algorithms were applied to account for bi- directional reflectance as a final step before the conversion to 8 bit data range. The imagery was mosaicked using manual seam line generation in OrthoVista. Process_Date: approximately 201609 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Indirect_Spatial_Reference: CT
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
Row_Count: 1
Column_Count: 1
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number: 18 or 19
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.0 (zone 18) or -69.0 (zone 19)
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
False_Easting: 500000
False_Northing: 0.0
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: .6
Ordinate_Resolution: .6
Planar_Distance_Units: meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 (GRS 80)
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
32-bit pixels, 4 band color(RGBIR) values 0 - 255
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: None
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Supervisor Customer Services Section
Contact_Organization:
USDA-FSA-APFO Aerial Photography Field Office
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 2222 West 2300 South
City: Salt Lake City
State_or_Province: Utah
Postal_Code: 84119-2020
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 801-844-2922
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 801-956-3653
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: apfo.sales@slc.usda.gov
Distribution_Liability:
In no event shall the creators, custodians, or distributors of this information be liable for any damages arising out of its use (or the inability to use it).
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: GeoTIFF - Georeferenced Tagged Image File Format
Format_Information_Content: Multispectral 4-band
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media: CD-ROM
Recording_Format: ISO 9660 Mode 1 Level 2 Extensions
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media: DVD-R
Recording_Format: ISO 9660
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media: USB Hard Disk
Recording_Format: NTFS
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media: FireWire Hard Disk
Recording_Format: NTFS
Fees:
Contact the Aerial Photography Field Office for more information
Resource_Description:
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: approximately 201609
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
USDA-FSA-APFO Aerial Photography Field Office
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 2222 West 2300 South
City: Salt Lake City
State_or_Province: Utah
Postal_Code: 84119-2020
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 801-844-2922
Metadata_Standard_Name:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998